JLPT N1 Grammar

くらいなら (kurai nara) Meaning: rather than How to use the: Verb-dictionary form + くらいなら/ぐらいなら Explain: In the form of [A く ら い な ら B], if you choose which side, B side is better than A. Use when the speaker wants to emphasize the A side is not like. …

かれ～かれ (kare~kare) Meaning: sooner or later; more or less How to use the: いadj(－い) + かれ + いadj(－い) + かれ Explain: Using adjectives with opposite meanings, to say anyway, the mention is the same. Example sentences: 1, 遅かれ早かれ、山田さんも来るでしょう。 Osokare hayakare, Yamada-san mo kurudeshou. Sooner or later Yamada will come. 2, …

いかんによらず (ikan ni yorazu) Meaning: regardless of How to use the: Noun + （の）いかんによらず Explain: With the sentence pattern [A い か ん に よ ら ず B], show how the situation depends on A that B Example sentences: 1, 成績のいかんによらず、進級できる。 Seiseki no ikan ni yorazu, shinkyū dekiru. You can …

いかに (ikani) Meaning: how; how much How to use the: いかに + Noun いかに + Adj いかに + Verb Explain: Used in the case of an expression that, whatever the state, the degree of things, the things in the previous clause, it is still established. opposite (though A is B …

あっての (atte no) Meaning: to owe everything to How to use the: Noun + あっての + Noun Explain: Use in case of expression because things, things, because things / things should be new Example sentences: 1, あなたあっての私です。 Anata atte no watashidesu. I can not live without you 2, 日々の練習あっての勝利だ。 hibi …

はおろか (wa oroka) Meaning: let alone; not to mention; needless to say How to use the: Noun + はおろか Explain: It is natural to describe it. Used in cases where the status is simpler, easier or impossible. A は お ろ か B: Even B cannot say anything about A …

にひきかえ (ni hikikae) Meaning: in contrast to How to use the: Verb-dictionary form + のにひきかえ Noun + （である）にひきかえ なadj + な/である + のにひきかえ いadj + のにひきかえ Explain: Used in the case of expressing a comparison with things, in which case it is completely opposite. Example sentences: 1, 兄にひきかえ弟は誰にでも好かれる好青年だ。 Ani ni …

にもまして (ni momashite) Meaning: more than, above How to use the: Noun + にもまして Explain: Use in case the state indicates that this state is greater / higher than / greater than that of another state. Example sentences: 1, 日本の夏は暑い。しかし、暑さにもまして耐えがたいのは、湿度の高さだ。 Nihon no natsuhaatsui. Shikashi, atsusa nimomashite taegatai no wa, shitsudo …

ながらに (nagara ni) Meaning: without change; while How to use the: Verb-ますstem + ながらに Noun + ながらに Explain: Used in the case of indicating a status quo that stays the same from the start. Example sentences: 1, インターネットを活用すれば居ながらにして世界中の情報を手に入れることができる。 Intānetto o katsuyō sureba inagara ni shite sekaijū no jōhō o te …

ずくめ (zukume) Meaning: entirely; completely How to use the: Noun + ずくめ Explain: Use in the case of indicating the status quo, there are many, there are too many things, things. Example sentences: 1, 彼女はいつも黒ずくめのかっこうをしている。 Kanojo wa itsumo kuro-zukume no kakkō o shite iru. She always wears all black things …