JLPT N1 Grammar

なしに (nashi ni) Meaning: without How to use the: Noun + なしに(は)/なしでは Explain: The conditional “if not … then”, then な し に and な く し て は are interchangeable. You can also use “～ な し に” instead of “～ な し で” but can’t use it in …

ともなると (tomo naru to) Meaning: when How to use the: Verb-dictionary form + と(も)なると/と(も)なれば Noun + と(も)なると/と(も)なれば Example sentences: 1, 主婦ともなると独身時代のような自由な時間はなくなる Shufu-tomo naru to dokushin jidai no yōna jiyūna jikan wanaku naru When you become a housewife, you don’t have the free time of a single life 2, 休日ともなると、朝から観光客の車で道路が渋滞する。 kyuujitsu …

とあれば (to areba) Meaning: if; if it is the case that How to use the: Noun + とあれば なadj + とあれば Explain: Use quite a lot with “If / then everything” will / dare do. ” Example sentences: 1, 両親が来るとあれば、部屋をきれいにしなければなりません。 Ryōshin ga kuru to areba, heya o kirei ni shinakereba …

まみれ (mamire) Meaning: covered in How to use the: Noun + まみれ Explain: Use only with liquids (blood, sweat, mud …) or powder, fine particles (dust, powder, sand ….) so with words like 傷 (wound), 間 違 い (wrong ), 借 金 (debt) must be used with ～ だ ら …

が最後 (ga saigo) Meaning: once something occurs; something else happens How to use the: Verb-casual, past + が最後/ら最後 Explain: The latter is a sentence indicating the speaker’s will or state that will inevitably occur. Example sentences: 1, ここで会ったが最後、謝ってもらうまでは逃がしはしない。 Koko de attaga saigo, ayamatte morau made wa nigashi wa shinai. Once …

をもって (o motte) Meaning: by means of; at the time How to use the: Noun + をもって Explain: Used to state the reason Used to indicate when to start (or end) something Use to indicate status Example sentences: 1, このレポートをもって、結果報告とする。 Kono repōto o motte, kekka hōkoku to suru. This report …

を皮切りに (wo kawakiri ni) Meaning: starting with; beginning of How to use the: Noun + を皮切りに（して）/を皮切りとして Explain: Used in the case when it comes to performing an action then the same situation will last. Example sentences: 1, 彼の店は京都で成功したのを皮切りに、各地に次々と出店していずれも成功を収めた。 kare no mise wa kyouto de seikou shita no wo kawakiri ni, …

がてら (gatera) Meaning: on the same occasion; at the same time; coincidentally How to use the: Verb-ますstem + がてら Noun + がてら Explain: Used to show the case in the process of completing an action / event, at the same time, by the way is also another action. Example sentences: …

ごとき/ごとく (gotoki/gotoku) Meaning: like; as if; the same as How to use the: Verb-casual + ごとく Noun + のごとく/ごとき Explain: Used to give an example in a formal document Used when expressing negative implications, belittling, anxiety Example sentences: 1, 私ごとき未熟者にこんな大きい仕事はちょっと。。。 Watashigotoki mijukumono ni kon’na ōkī shigoto wa chotto… For newbies …

なり (nari) Meaning: as soon as How to use the: Verb-dictionary form + なり Explain: Used in the case of performing an immediate follow-up action. Often the latter is an unexpected, unpredictable action. Example sentences: 1, 家に帰るなり自分の部屋に閉じこもって出てこない。 Ienikaeru nari jibun no heya ni tojikomotte detekonai. As soon as I go …